Ball of Collusion: The Plot to Rig an Election and Destroy a Presidency
More product info
From Andrew C. McCarthy
Refresh the report to view the most up-to-date data available:
Note: We only analyze "reviews" and ignore one-tap "ratings".
Report Card
Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Take-Back Reviewer (1 deleted Review; avg. rating: 4.0)
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 4.1)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Overlapping Review History: reviewed 1 of 9 top products
- Overrepresented Participation (posted 5 Reviews)
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 3.4)
Analysis Details
108 of the 264 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 3.5 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.8. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
Never-Verified Reviewers
20 of the 264 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. The Never-Verified Reviewers have rated this product an average of 3.0 while the reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review rated this product an average of 4.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Take-Back Reviewers
85 of the 264 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. The Take-Back Reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.5 while the reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history have rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
38 of the 264 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
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74 of the 264 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.6 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
We discovered a total of 5 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 2.6. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.
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- 15%
- Created over 4 days
We counted 264 reviews for this product over the span of 259 days, an average of 1.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 6 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 4 days exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 39 reviews were created on just 4 days. Although any days with a larger number of reviews than expected is suspicious, the discrepancy in ratings from reviews created on these high volume days and reviews created on other days isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
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- 73%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
We see the following 3 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 194 reviewers (or 73%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.
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- 0%
- Have an overrepresented word count
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.
4.1 Product's Average Ease Score
4.4 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
Brand Repeaters
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- 0%
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.