• 
• 17%
• Created over 1 day

We counted 12 reviews for this product over the span of 1,048 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 1 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 1 day exceeding this threshold:

• 2 Reviews on Oct 26, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.5)

In total, we found that 2 reviews were created on just 1 day. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 75%
• Unverified Purchases

9 of the 12 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. While this is a higher percentage of unverified purchases than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 25%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

3 of the 12 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is an excessively large percentage of incentivized reviews which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.

Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 42%
• have zero verified purchases

5 of the 12 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. While this is more Never-Verified Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 75%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

9 of the 12 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 67%
• Substantial overlapping review history

8 of the 12 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. While this is more than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 75%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 6-15 Reviews: 75.0% (Avg. rating: 4.8)

In total, we found that 9 reviewers (or 75%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 0%
• Have an overrepresented word count

We didn't find any review word count groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.4, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.4.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 17%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

2 of the 12 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.