Does the Center Hold?: An Introduction to Western Philosophy
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From Donald Palmer
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Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Easy Grader (avg. rating: 5.0)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Created on a high volume day
- Contains repetitive phrases (show)
- Take-Back Reviewer (4 deleted Reviews; avg. rating: 4.5)
- Brand Repeater (3 of 600 reviews for this brand; avg rating: 1.0)
- Overlapping Review History: reviewed 9 of 9 top products
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 4.2)
Analysis Details
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- 9%
- Created over 1 day
We counted 33 reviews for this product over the span of 2,611 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 1 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 1 day exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 3 reviews were created on just 1 day. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 1.0 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
8 of the 33 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 2.6 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
3 of the 33 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 1.0 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
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from the same brand
4 of the 33 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 2.0 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
One-Hit Wonders
4 of the 33 reviewers have only reviewed this product. While this is more One-Hit Wonders than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the One-Hit Wonders and reviewers who have posted more than one review isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
Take-Back Reviewers
3 of the 33 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Take-Back Reviewers and reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
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- 0%
- Have an overrepresented word count
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.
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- 0%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.
4.2 Product's Average Ease Score
4.3 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
Brand Repeaters
3 of the 33 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
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- 0%
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.
- 0
- Reviews have been deleted
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.