Brand Repeaters

• 
• 77%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

10 of the 13 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Repeaters which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 62%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

8 of the 13 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Loyalists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 62%
• have zero verified purchases

8 of the 13 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. This is an excessively large percentage of Never-Verified Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Single-Day Reviewers

• 
• 23%
• have posted all their reviews on a single day

3 of the 13 reviewers have written multiple reviews but posted all of them on a single day. While this is more Single-Day Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 77%
• Created over 2 days

We counted 13 reviews for this product over the span of 519 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 1 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 2 days exceeding this threshold:

• 7 Reviews on Apr 1, 2019 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 3 Reviews on Mar 13, 2019 (Avg. rating: 5.0)

In total, we found that 10 reviews were created on just 2 days. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 85%
• Unverified Purchases

11 of the 13 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is an excessively large percentage of unverified purchases and it may indicate unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 5, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 3.9. While this discrepancy is rather large, it is not quite large enough to rule out the possibility of it being due random chance.

• 
• 46%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 16-25 words: 46.2% (Avg. rating: 5.0)

In total, we found that 6 reviews (or 46%) are within an overrepresented word count group. While this is more reviews from overrepresented word count groups than we'd expect to see, these reviews do not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 31%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

4 of the 13 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 85%
• Substantial overlapping review history

11 of the 13 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 0%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We didn't find any participation groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

We didn't detect any reviews that used language indicating they were incentivized.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.