Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 1%
• have zero verified purchases

17 of the 1,304 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. The Never-Verified Reviewers have rated this product an average of 3.8 while the reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review rated this product an average of 4.5. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.5, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 3.9. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 
• 69%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 2 groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 0-5 words: 35.8% (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 6-15 words: 33.4% (Avg. rating: 4.7)

In total, we found that 902 reviews (or 69%) are within an overrepresented word count group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 4.7, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 28%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

364 of the 1,304 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.9 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 48%
• Created over 31 days

We counted 1,304 reviews for this product over the span of 401 days, an average of 3.3 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 11 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 31 days exceeding this threshold:

• 39 Reviews on Sep 30, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 38 Reviews on Oct 6, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 36 Reviews on Oct 1, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 33 Reviews on Oct 5, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 31 Reviews on Oct 8, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 31 Reviews on Sep 29, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 27 Reviews on Oct 21, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 23 Reviews on Oct 7, 2019 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 22 Reviews on Oct 14, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 21 Reviews on Oct 29, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 21 Reviews on Nov 4, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 21 Reviews on Oct 13, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 19 Reviews on Nov 5, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 18 Reviews on Sep 28, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 18 Reviews on Oct 2, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 17 Reviews on Nov 10, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 16 Reviews on Nov 12, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 16 Reviews on Oct 9, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 16 Reviews on Oct 15, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 16 Reviews on Dec 4, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 15 Reviews on Sep 22, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 15 Reviews on Nov 3, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 15 Reviews on Oct 11, 2019 (Avg. rating: 3.1)
• 14 Reviews on Oct 28, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 14 Reviews on Oct 22, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 14 Reviews on Oct 4, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 13 Reviews on Oct 31, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 13 Reviews on Sep 23, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 13 Reviews on Nov 8, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 12 Reviews on Oct 30, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 12 Reviews on Nov 13, 2019 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
Show All

In total, we found that 629 reviews were created on just 31 days. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 40%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 40.0% (Avg. rating: 4.6)

In total, we found that 522 reviewers (or 40%) are within an overrepresented participation group. While this is more reviews from overrepresented participation groups than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between reviewers in an overrepresented participation groups and all other reviewers isn’t significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 7%
• Unverified Purchases

86 of the 1,304 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 18%
• Substantial overlapping review history

240 of the 1,304 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 0%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

1 of the 1,304 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

We didn't detect any reviews that used language indicating they were incentivized.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.