Brand Repeaters

• 
• 100%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

1 of the 1 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Repeaters which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 100%
• have zero verified purchases

1 of the 1 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. This is an excessively large percentage of Never-Verified Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 100%
• Unverified Purchases

1 of the 1 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is an excessively large percentage of unverified purchases and it may indicate unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 100%
• Substantial overlapping review history

1 of the 1 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 0%
• Created on high-volume days

We only counted one review, so there isn't actually any rating trend.
Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 0%
• Have an overrepresented word count

We only counted one review, so there isn't enough data to compare word counts.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 0%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

We only counted one review, so there isn't enough data to find redundant phrases.
Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 0%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We didn't find any participation groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.5, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3. While this discrepancy is rather large, it is not quite large enough to rule out the possibility of it being due random chance.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

We didn't detect any reviews that used language indicating they were incentivized.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.