Brand Repeaters

• 
• 35%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

11 of the 31 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. While this is more Brand Repeaters than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Repeaters and non-repeaters isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 16%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

5 of the 31 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Loyalists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Brand Monogamists

• 
• 6%
• Reviewed only products from this brand

2 of the 31 reviewers have reviewed multiple products, but only for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Monogamists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 32%
• have only posted one review

10 of the 31 reviewers have only reviewed this product. This is an excessively large percentage of One-Hit Wonders which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 10%
• have previously deleted reviews

3 of the 31 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Single-Day Reviewers

• 
• 23%
• have posted all their reviews on a single day

7 of the 31 reviewers have written multiple reviews but posted all of them on a single day. While this is more Single-Day Reviewers than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Single-Day Reviewers and all other reviewers isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 9.4, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 8.8. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 
• 19%
• Created over 3 days

We counted 31 reviews for this product over the span of 1,592 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 1 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 3 days exceeding this threshold:

• 2 Reviews on Aug 1, 2013 (Avg. rating: 9.5)
• 2 Reviews on Aug 4, 2013 (Avg. rating: 9.5)
• 2 Reviews on Aug 5, 2013 (Avg. rating: 9.5)

In total, we found that 6 reviews were created on just 3 days. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 32%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 6-15 words: 32.3% (Avg. rating: 9.9)

In total, we found that 10 reviews (or 32%) are within an overrepresented word count group. While this is more reviews from overrepresented word count groups than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between reviews with overrepresented word groups and all other reviews isn’t significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 16%
• Unverified Purchases

5 of the 31 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 0%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

0 of the 31 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 35%
• Substantial overlapping review history

11 of the 31 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 0%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We didn't find any participation groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 0%
• Mentioned the word "Sample"

We didn't find the word "sample" used in any reviews
Read more about our Sample Reviews test.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.