• 176
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 176 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.8. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 21%
• Created over 32 days

We counted 1,131 reviews for this product over the span of 1,427 days, an average of 0.8 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 5 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 32 days exceeding this threshold:

• 15 Reviews on Apr 7, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 14 Reviews on Mar 3, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 10 Reviews on Mar 4, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 9 Reviews on Dec 18, 2014 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 9 Reviews on Mar 7, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 9 Reviews on Aug 29, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 8 Reviews on Apr 15, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 8 Reviews on Mar 9, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 8 Reviews on Sep 8, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 8 Reviews on Aug 9, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 7 Reviews on Sep 3, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 7 Reviews on Mar 6, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 7 Reviews on Mar 30, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 6 Reviews on May 23, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Mar 16, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on May 31, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Aug 2, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Aug 25, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Apr 28, 2014 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Mar 28, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Jul 23, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Aug 7, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Aug 17, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Aug 18, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Sep 6, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Nov 15, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on May 27, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 6 Reviews on Jul 21, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 6 Reviews on Apr 29, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 6 Reviews on Dec 28, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 6 Reviews on Dec 15, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 6 Reviews on May 19, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
Show All

In total, we found that 233 reviews were created on just 32 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.8 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 76%
• Unverified Purchases

856 of the 1,131 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 41%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

460 of the 1,131 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. While this is more Brand Repeaters than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Repeaters and non-repeaters isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 7%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

83 of the 1,131 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Loyalists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Brand Monogamists

• 
• 4%
• Reviewed only products from this brand

44 of the 1,131 reviewers have reviewed multiple products, but only for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Monogamists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 23%
• have previously deleted reviews

261 of the 1,131 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. The Take-Back Reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while the reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history have rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.5, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 
• 14%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

154 of the 1,131 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 11%
• Substantial overlapping review history

121 of the 1,131 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.9 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 57%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 26.5% (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• Reviewers with 6-15 Reviews: 30.8% (Avg. rating: 4.7)

In total, we found that 648 reviewers (or 57%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 0%
• Have an overrepresented word count

We didn't find any review word count groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

5 of the 1,131 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.