What Happened
More product info
Note: We only analyze "reviews" and ignore one-tap "ratings".
Report Card











Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
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Verified Purchaser
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Brand Repeater (2 of 29 reviews for this brand; avg rating: 5.0)
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Easy Grader (avg. rating: 4.8)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
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Unverified Purchaser
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Created on a high volume day
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Never-Verified Reviewer
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Overlapping Review History: reviewed 1 of 9 top products
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Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 3.6)
Analysis Details

We discovered a total of 1,441 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 2.4. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

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- 73%
- Created over 79 days
We counted 4,184 reviews for this product over the span of 1,280 days, an average of 3.3 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 11 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 79 days exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 3,058 reviews were created on just 79 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.3 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 3.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

880 of the 4,184 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 2.3 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

Never-Verified Reviewers
152 of the 4,184 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. The Never-Verified Reviewers have rated this product an average of 2.2 while the reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Take-Back Reviewers
1,267 of the 4,184 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

5% also reviewed:
Fire and Fury by Michael Wolff
3% also reviewed:
A Higher Loyalty: Truth, Lies, and Leadership by James Comey
2% also reviewed:
Fear: Trump in the White House by Woodward, Bob
2% also reviewed:
Hillbilly Elegy: A Memoir of a Family and Culture... by J. D. Vance
2% also reviewed:
Unbelievable: My Front-Row Seat to the Craziest... by Katy Tur
1% also reviewed:
USB C Cable [4Pack/3ft, 6ft, 6ft, 9ft] USB Type C... by Al Franken
1% also reviewed:
Too Much and Never Enough: How My Family Created... by Mary L. Trump Ph.D.
1% also reviewed:
Becoming by Michelle Obama
1% also reviewed:
All the Light We Cannot See: A Novel by Anthony Doerr
524 of the 4,184 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.5 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

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- 61%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 2551 reviewers (or 61%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.

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- 0%
- Have an overrepresented word count
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

(4.6/5)
(4.4/5)
37 of the 4,184 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

4.1 Product's Average Ease Score
4.3 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.

Brand Repeaters
128 of the 4,184 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

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- 0%
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.