Locating Atonement: Explorations in Constructive Dogmatics (Los Angeles Theology Conference)
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From Zondervan
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Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 3.8)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Created on a high volume day
- Contains repetitive phrases (show)
- Take-Back Reviewer (311 deleted Reviews; avg. rating: 4.3)
- Brand Repeater (19 of 2016 reviews for this brand; avg rating: 4.2)
- Overlapping Review History: reviewed 6 of 9 top products
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 4.3)
Analysis Details
We discovered a total of 2 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 5. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.
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- 9%
- Created over 1 day
We counted 33 reviews for this product over the span of 486 days, an average of 0.1 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 2 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 1 day exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 3 reviews were created on just 1 day. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 3.3 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Take-Back Reviewers
26 of the 33 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. This is an excessively large percentage of Take-Back Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.
Brand Repeaters
19 of the 33 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. While this is more Brand Repeaters than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Repeaters and non-repeaters isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
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- 42%
- Have an overrepresented word count
In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 14 reviews (or 42%) are within an overrepresented word count group. While this is more reviews from overrepresented word count groups than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between reviews with overrepresented word groups and all other reviews isn’t significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
19 of the 33 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.
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27% also reviewed:
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25 of the 33 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.
9 of the 33 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
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- 0%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.
4.3 Product's Average Ease Score
4.4 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
1 of the 33 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.