Brand Loyalists

• 
• 3%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

3 of the 95 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. While this is more Brand Loyalists than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Loyalists and non-loyalists isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Brand Monogamists

• 
• 2%
• Reviewed only products from this brand

2 of the 95 reviewers have reviewed multiple products, but only for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Monogamists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 19%
• have only posted one review

18 of the 95 reviewers have only reviewed this product. While this is more One-Hit Wonders than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 22%
• have zero verified purchases

21 of the 95 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. While this is more Never-Verified Reviewers than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Never-Verified Reviewers and reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 48%
• have previously deleted reviews

46 of the 95 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. This is an excessively large percentage of Take-Back Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 4
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 4 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 9.3. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 12%
• Created over 3 days

We counted 95 reviews for this product over the span of 963 days, an average of 0.1 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 2 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 3 days exceeding this threshold:

• 4 Reviews on Oct 7, 2014 (Avg. rating: 9.3)
• 4 Reviews on Oct 13, 2014 (Avg. rating: 8.5)
• 3 Reviews on Oct 6, 2014 (Avg. rating: 9.7)

In total, we found that 11 reviews were created on just 3 days. Although any days with a larger number of reviews than expected is suspicious, these reviews do not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 69%
• Unverified Purchases

66 of the 95 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. While this is a higher percentage of unverified purchases than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the unverified purchases and verified purchases isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 8.9, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 8.8. While this discrepancy is rather large, it is not quite large enough to rule out the possibility of it being due random chance.

• 
• 34%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

32 of the 95 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 55%
• Substantial overlapping review history

52 of the 95 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. While this is more than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 0%
• Have an overrepresented word count

We didn't find any review word count groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 11%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 51-100 Reviews: 10.5% (Avg. rating: 9.2)

In total, we found that 10 reviewers (or 11%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 4%
• Mentioned the word "Sample"

4 of the 95 total reviews for this product mentioned the word "sample" within their review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Sample Reviews test.