• 
• 17%
• Created over 1 day

We counted 18 reviews for this product over the span of 588 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 1 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 1 day exceeding this threshold:

• 3 Reviews on Jul 27, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.3)

In total, we found that 3 reviews were created on just 1 day. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 5.3 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 7.7. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 89%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

16 of the 18 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Repeaters which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Brand Monogamists

• 
• 6%
• Reviewed only products from this brand

1 of the 18 reviewers have reviewed multiple products, but only for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Monogamists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 11%
• have only posted one review

2 of the 18 reviewers have only reviewed this product. While this is more One-Hit Wonders than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the One-Hit Wonders and reviewers who have posted more than one review isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 33%
• have zero verified purchases

6 of the 18 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. The Never-Verified Reviewers have rated this product an average of 8.5 while the reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review rated this product an average of 6.7. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 61%
• have previously deleted reviews

11 of the 18 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. This is an excessively large percentage of Take-Back Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 100%
• Unverified Purchases

18 of the 18 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is an excessively large percentage of unverified purchases and it may indicate unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 56%
• Mentioned the word "Sample"

10 of the 18 total reviews for this product mentioned the word "sample" within their review. This is an excessively large percentage of reviews that mention the word "sample" which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Sample Reviews test.

• 
• 61%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 101-200 words: 61.1% (Avg. rating: 7.8)

In total, we found that 11 reviews (or 61%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is an excessively high number of reviews in overrepresented word count groups.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 72%
• Substantial overlapping review history

13 of the 18 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. While this is more than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 11%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

2 of the 18 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 28%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 51-100 Reviews: 27.8% (Avg. rating: 7.2)

In total, we found that 5 reviewers (or 28%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 8.8, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 8.8.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.