• 76
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 76 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 3.3. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 41%
• Created over 40 days

We counted 1,380 reviews for this product over the span of 596 days, an average of 2.3 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 9 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 40 days exceeding this threshold:

• 23 Reviews on Dec 6, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 22 Reviews on Dec 8, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 22 Reviews on Dec 2, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 21 Reviews on Dec 9, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 20 Reviews on Dec 3, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 20 Reviews on Dec 26, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.5)
• 17 Reviews on Dec 11, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 17 Reviews on Dec 12, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 16 Reviews on Dec 10, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 16 Reviews on Dec 15, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 16 Reviews on Dec 17, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.6)
• 16 Reviews on Dec 1, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.1)
• 15 Reviews on Dec 5, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.6)
• 15 Reviews on Jan 11, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.2)
• 14 Reviews on Nov 27, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 14 Reviews on Dec 31, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 14 Reviews on Dec 18, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.7)
• 14 Reviews on Jan 2, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.4)
• 14 Reviews on Dec 27, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.4)
• 14 Reviews on Dec 16, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.4)
• 14 Reviews on Nov 28, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.4)
• 14 Reviews on Jan 29, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.1)
• 13 Reviews on Nov 26, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 13 Reviews on Nov 29, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 13 Reviews on Dec 7, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 13 Reviews on Oct 28, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
• 13 Reviews on Dec 13, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.5)
• 13 Reviews on Nov 30, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.3)
• 12 Reviews on Dec 29, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.7)
• 11 Reviews on Jan 7, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 11 Reviews on Dec 20, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.5)
• 11 Reviews on Nov 22, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.5)
• 10 Reviews on Dec 25, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 10 Reviews on Nov 17, 2017 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 10 Reviews on Dec 4, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 10 Reviews on Jan 6, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 10 Reviews on Oct 29, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
• 10 Reviews on Nov 25, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.7)
• 10 Reviews on Nov 7, 2017 (Avg. rating: 3.6)
• 10 Reviews on Jan 3, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.5)
Show All

In total, we found that 571 reviews were created on just 40 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 3.8 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 3.0. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 13%
• have only posted one review

184 of the 1,380 reviewers have only reviewed this product. The One-Hit Wonders have rated this product an average of 3.8 while the reviewers who have posted more than one review have rated this product an average of 3.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 18%
• have previously deleted reviews

246 of the 1,380 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. This is an excessively large percentage of Take-Back Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Single-Day Reviewers

• 
• 1%
• have posted all their reviews on a single day

16 of the 1,380 reviewers have written multiple reviews but posted all of them on a single day. The Single-Day reviewers have rated this product an average of 2.1 while all other reviewers rated this product an average of 3.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 32%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 6-15 words: 32.2% (Avg. rating: 3.4)

In total, we found that 444 reviews (or 32%) are within an overrepresented word count group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 3.4, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 3.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 1%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

7 of the 1,380 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 1.0 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 3.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 77%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 38.7% (Avg. rating: 3.6)
• Reviewers with 6-15 Reviews: 38.0% (Avg. rating: 3.3)

In total, we found that 1058 reviewers (or 77%) are within an overrepresented participation group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 3.5, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 2.9. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 4%
• Unverified Purchases

53 of the 1,380 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 0%
• Substantial overlapping review history

0 of the 1,380 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 0%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

3 of the 1,380 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

1 of the 1,380 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.