One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 1%
• have only posted one review

4 of the 357 reviewers have only reviewed this product. The One-Hit Wonders have rated this product an average of 3.8 while the reviewers who have posted more than one review have rated this product an average of 4.8. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 86%
• have previously deleted reviews

308 of the 357 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. This is an excessively large percentage of Take-Back Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.6, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 12
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 12 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 5. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 65%
• Created over 16 days

We counted 357 reviews for this product over the span of 219 days, an average of 1.6 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 7 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 16 days exceeding this threshold:

• 23 Reviews on May 5, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 22 Reviews on May 4, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 18 Reviews on May 3, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 17 Reviews on Apr 29, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 17 Reviews on May 6, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 17 Reviews on May 9, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 16 Reviews on May 2, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 15 Reviews on Apr 28, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 14 Reviews on Apr 27, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 13 Reviews on Apr 30, 2016 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 13 Reviews on May 1, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 10 Reviews on May 7, 2016 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 9 Reviews on May 10, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 9 Reviews on May 12, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 9 Reviews on Apr 26, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 9 Reviews on Aug 30, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
Show All

In total, we found that 231 reviews were created on just 16 days. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 93%
• Unverified Purchases

333 of the 357 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is an excessively large percentage of unverified purchases and it may indicate unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 89%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

318 of the 357 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is an excessively large percentage of incentivized reviews which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 68%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

241 of the 357 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. While this is more Brand Repeaters than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Repeaters and non-repeaters isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 3%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

11 of the 357 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. While this is more Brand Loyalists than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Loyalists and non-loyalists isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

• 
• 49%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 101-200 words: 48.7% (Avg. rating: 4.8)

In total, we found that 174 reviews (or 49%) are within an overrepresented word count group. While this is more reviews from overrepresented word count groups than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between reviews with overrepresented word groups and all other reviews isn’t significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 76%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

270 of the 357 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 46%
• Substantial overlapping review history

165 of the 357 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 15%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 101-200 Reviews: 15.4% (Avg. rating: 4.7)

In total, we found that 55 reviewers (or 15%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.