• 
• 56%
• Created over 13 days

We counted 277 reviews for this product over the span of 1,018 days, an average of 0.3 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 3 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 13 days exceeding this threshold:

• 42 Reviews on May 28, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 22 Reviews on May 25, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 17 Reviews on May 29, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 14 Reviews on May 31, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 12 Reviews on Jun 1, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 8 Reviews on May 26, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 7 Reviews on Jun 8, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 6 Reviews on May 27, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Jun 2, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on May 30, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 5 Reviews on Jun 16, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 5 Reviews on Jun 3, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 4 Reviews on Jun 5, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
Show All

In total, we found that 154 reviews were created on just 13 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.8 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 41%
• Unverified Purchases

114 of the 277 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.5. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 5%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

13 of the 277 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. This is an excessively large percentage of Brand Loyalists which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.6, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 
• 56%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

156 of the 277 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 1
• Review has been deleted

We discovered a total of 1 deleted Review for this product, with an average rating of 5. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 5%
• have previously deleted reviews

15 of the 277 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Take-Back Reviewers and reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 33%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 16.3% (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• Reviewers with 6-15 Reviews: 16.6% (Avg. rating: 4.7)

In total, we found that 91 reviewers (or 33%) are within an overrepresented participation group. While this is more reviews from overrepresented participation groups than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between reviewers in an overrepresented participation groups and all other reviewers isn’t significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 0%
• Have an overrepresented word count

We didn't find any review word count groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 40%
• Substantial overlapping review history

112 of the 277 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 4%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

11 of the 277 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.