One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 18%
• have only posted one review

521 of the 2,880 reviewers have only reviewed this product. While this is more One-Hit Wonders than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the One-Hit Wonders and reviewers who have posted more than one review isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Single-Day Reviewers

• 
• 0%
• have posted all their reviews on a single day

6 of the 2,880 reviewers have written multiple reviews but posted all of them on a single day. The Single-Day reviewers have rated this product an average of 2.3 while all other reviewers rated this product an average of 4.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.4, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 
• 86%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 54.1% (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• Reviewers with 6-15 Reviews: 31.9% (Avg. rating: 4.5)

In total, we found that 2476 reviewers (or 86%) are within an overrepresented participation group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 4.5, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 59
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 59 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.5. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 3%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

86 of the 2,880 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. While this is more Brand Loyalists than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Loyalists and non-loyalists isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

• 
• 4%
• Created over 13 days

We counted 2,880 reviews for this product over the span of 2,652 days, an average of 1.1 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 6 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 13 days exceeding this threshold:

• 12 Reviews on Mar 24, 2013 (Avg. rating: 3.7)
• 10 Reviews on Mar 12, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 10 Reviews on Jul 21, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 9 Reviews on Jun 8, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 8 Reviews on Apr 9, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 7 Reviews on Mar 17, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 7 Reviews on Nov 16, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 7 Reviews on Mar 31, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 7 Reviews on Apr 4, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 7 Reviews on May 25, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 7 Reviews on Jul 29, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 7 Reviews on Mar 5, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 7 Reviews on Mar 20, 2013 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
Show All

In total, we found that 105 reviews were created on just 13 days. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 4%
• Unverified Purchases

117 of the 2,880 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 27%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 6-15 words: 27.1% (Avg. rating: 4.4)

In total, we found that 779 reviews (or 27%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 1%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

35 of the 2,880 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 18%
• Substantial overlapping review history

505 of the 2,880 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

We didn't detect any reviews that used language indicating they were incentivized.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.