The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.4, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

• 
• 2%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

42 of the 2,251 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.9 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 35%
• Substantial overlapping review history

787 of the 2,251 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.5. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 7%
• Created over 23 days

We counted 2,251 reviews for this product over the span of 3,485 days, an average of 0.6 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 5 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 23 days exceeding this threshold:

• 10 Reviews on Dec 30, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 9 Reviews on Aug 29, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 8 Reviews on Oct 11, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 8 Reviews on Dec 28, 2012 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 8 Reviews on Nov 14, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 8 Reviews on Jan 7, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 8 Reviews on Jan 3, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 8 Reviews on Aug 29, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 8 Reviews on Jan 11, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 7 Reviews on Oct 7, 2013 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 7 Reviews on Dec 31, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 7 Reviews on Jan 7, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 7 Reviews on Sep 7, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 7 Reviews on Dec 7, 2013 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 7 Reviews on Oct 2, 2013 (Avg. rating: 3.7)
• 6 Reviews on Aug 9, 2013 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 6 Reviews on Feb 4, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Jan 8, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 6 Reviews on Oct 14, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 6 Reviews on Oct 28, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 6 Reviews on Jan 2, 2014 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 6 Reviews on Nov 19, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 6 Reviews on Oct 25, 2013 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
Show All

In total, we found that 165 reviews were created on just 23 days. Although any days with a larger number of reviews than expected is suspicious, these reviews do not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 10%
• have previously deleted reviews

214 of the 2,251 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 14%
• Unverified Purchases

305 of the 2,251 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 0%
• Have an overrepresented word count

We didn't find any review word count groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 29%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 29.0% (Avg. rating: 4.6)

In total, we found that 653 reviewers (or 29%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 3%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

68 of the 2,251 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

We didn't detect any reviews that used language indicating they were incentivized.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.

• 0
• Reviews have been deleted

We have not discovered any deleted reviews for this product.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.