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What Happened to Goldman Sachs: An Insiders Story of Organizational Drift and Its Unintended...
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From Steven G. Mandis
This report was last updated 11/12/2018.
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Report Info:
Note: We only analyze "reviews" and ignore one-tap "ratings".
Top products in Company Profiles with authentic reviews:
Report Card
Fail Overall Grade
FAIL Deleted Reviews
FAIL Unverified Purchases
FAIL Suspicious Reviewers
FAIL Reviewer Ease
FAIL Phrase Repetition
FAIL Overlapping Review History
FAIL Reviewer Participation
WARN Rating Trend
PASS Word Count Comparison
PASS Brand Repeats
PASS Incentivized Reviews
Most Trusted Reviews
A clear non-judgmental account of Goldman Sachs shift in focus ... [Go to full review]
May 15, 2015
100%
TRUST
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Easy Grader (avg. rating: 4.4)
Least Trusted Reviews
A great book. I love how detailed, thorough, unbiased, and ... [Go to full review]
Oct 3, 2017
0%
TRUST
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Contains repetitive phrases (show)
- One-Hit Wonder
- Never-Verified Reviewer
- Overrepresented Participation (posted 1 Review)
- Easy Grader (avg. rating: 5.0)
Analysis Details
Fail Deleted Reviews
We discovered a total of 12 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.4. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.
Fail Unverified Purchases
32 of the 79 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.6 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
Fail Suspicious Reviewers
One-Hit Wonders
22 of the 79 reviewers have only reviewed this product. The One-Hit Wonders have rated this product an average of 5.0 while the reviewers who have posted more than one review have rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Never-Verified Reviewers
18 of the 79 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. The Never-Verified Reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.8 while the reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review rated this product an average of 4.2. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Take-Back Reviewers
29 of the 79 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. The Take-Back Reviewers have rated this product an average of 3.9 while the reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history have rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Fail Reviewer Ease
The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.5, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.3. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
4.5 Product's Average Ease Score
4.3 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
Fail Phrase Repetition
Reviews that contain one of these phrases are NOT necessarily devalued; read more about how this test works here.
Common Phrases in Reviews:
Show MoreShow Less
5 reviews
(3.8/5)
(3.8/5)
3 reviews
(4.7/5)
(4.7/5)
14 reviews
(4.8/5)
(4.8/5)
2 reviews
(5.0/5)
(5.0/5)
14 reviews
(4.6/5)
(4.6/5)
2 reviews
(3.5/5)
(3.5/5)
2 reviews
(5.0/5)
(5.0/5)
4 reviews
(4.0/5)
(4.0/5)
2 reviews
(5.0/5)
(5.0/5)
4 reviews
(5.0/5)
(5.0/5)
44 of the 79 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.6 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.0. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Fail Overlapping Review History
Reviewers of this product have ALSO reviewed the following products:
20% also reviewed:
AT&T 210M Trimline Corded Phone by AT&T
15% also reviewed:
The Innocents Abroad (Wordsworth Classics) by Mark Twain
15% also reviewed:
Pre de Provence Artisanal French Soap Bar... by Pre de Provence
15% also reviewed:
Dove Advanced Hair Series Conditioner,... by Dove
14% also reviewed:
TC Solid CHMBRY by
13% also reviewed:
SoundHealth Extra Strength Antacid Chews for... by
10% also reviewed:
Dove Advanced Care Antiperspirant Deodorant,... by Dove
Does not include products
from the same brand
from the same brand
18 of the 79 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 3.8 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.5. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Fail Reviewer Participation
-
- 47%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 37 reviewers (or 47%) are within an overrepresented participation group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 4.9, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 3.8. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Warn Rating Trend
-
- 8%
- Created over 2 days
We counted 79 reviews for this product over the span of 1,858 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 2 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 2 days exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 6 reviews were created on just 2 days. Although any days with a larger number of reviews than expected is suspicious, the discrepancy in ratings from reviews created on these high volume days and reviews created on other days isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
Pass Word Count Comparison
-
- 0%
- Have an overrepresented word count
We didn't find any review word count groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.
Pass Brand Repeats
Brand Repeaters
We didn't detect a substantial amount of Brand Repeaters.
Pass Incentivized Reviews
On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.
-
- 0%
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
We didn't detect any reviews that used language indicating they were incentivized.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.