Leadership and the Art of Struggle: How Great Leaders Grow through Challenge and Adversity
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From Steven Snyder
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Note: We only analyze "reviews" and ignore one-tap "ratings".
Top products in Management & Leadership with authentic reviews:
Report Card
Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 3.7)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Created on a high volume day
- Contains repetitive phrases (show)
- Take-Back Reviewer (1 deleted Review; avg. rating: 5.0)
- Overlapping Review History: reviewed 8 of 9 top products
- Easy Grader (avg. rating: 4.9)
Analysis Details
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20 of the 47 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 5.0 while the reviewers who have a more unique product review history rated this product an average of 4.7. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
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- 40%
- Created over 6 days
We counted 47 reviews for this product over the span of 2,505 days, an average of 0.0 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 1 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 6 days exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 19 reviews were created on just 6 days. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.
34 of the 47 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. While this is a higher percentage of unverified purchases than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the unverified purchases and verified purchases isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
Take-Back Reviewers
20 of the 47 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Take-Back Reviewers and reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
4.7 Product's Average Ease Score
4.4 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
(5.0/5)
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(5.0/5)
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18 of the 47 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.
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- 0%
- Have an overrepresented word count
Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.
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- 0%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.
Brand Repeaters
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- 0%
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.
- 0
- Reviews have been deleted
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.