Evidence That Demands a Verdict: Life-Changing Truth for a Skeptical World
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From HarperCollins
Refresh the report to view the most up-to-date data available:
Note: We only analyze "reviews" and ignore one-tap "ratings".
Top products in Criticism & Interpretation with authentic reviews:
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Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Take-Back Reviewer (4 deleted Reviews; avg. rating: 3.5)
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 3.6)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Created on a high volume day
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
- Contains repetitive phrases (show)
- Take-Back Reviewer (1 deleted Review; avg. rating: 5.0)
- Overrepresented Participation (posted 7 Reviews)
- Easy Grader (avg. rating: 4.7)
Analysis Details
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- 15%
- Created over 6 days
We counted 314 reviews for this product over the span of 1,318 days, an average of 0.2 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 3 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 6 days exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 46 reviews were created on just 6 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.9 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
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- 71%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
We see the following 3 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 223 reviewers (or 71%) are within an overrepresented participation group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 4.8, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 4.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
We discovered a total of 3 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 3.7. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.
Take-Back Reviewers
108 of the 314 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.
(5.0/5)
(4.7/5)
(4.9/5)
(4.3/5)
(3.0/5)
(5.0/5)
(4.5/5)
(5.0/5)
(4.9/5)
63 of the 314 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.
70 of the 314 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
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- 18%
- Have an overrepresented word count
In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 58 reviews (or 18%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
27% also reviewed:
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42 of the 314 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
4.5 Product's Average Ease Score
4.4 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
Brand Repeaters
7 of the 314 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.