The Imperial Cruise: A Secret History of Empire and War
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From James Bradley
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Most Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Verified Purchaser
- Take-Back Reviewer (1 deleted Review; avg. rating: 5.0)
- Overlapping Review History: reviewed 1 of 9 top products
- Easy Grader (avg. rating: 4.3)
Least Trusted Reviews
TRUST
- Unverified Purchaser
- Contains repetitive phrases (show)
- Overrepresented Participation (posted 2 Reviews)
- Critical Reviewer (avg. rating: 1.0)
Analysis Details
293 of the 505 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 2.6 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.
Never-Verified Reviewers
88 of the 505 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. The Never-Verified Reviewers have rated this product an average of 2.4 while the reviewers who have written at least one verified purchase review rated this product an average of 3.4. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.
Take-Back Reviewers
40 of the 505 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. While this is more Take-Back Reviewers than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Take-Back Reviewers and reviewers who don't have any deleted reviews in their history isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.
130 of the 505 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.
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- 65%
- From reviewers with an overrepresented participation
We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 330 reviewers (or 65%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.
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- 4%
- Created over 4 days
We counted 505 reviews for this product over the span of 2,930 days, an average of 0.2 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 3 or fewer reviews on any given day.
However, we see the following 4 days exceeding this threshold:In total, we found that 19 reviews were created on just 4 days. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
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- 23%
- Have an overrepresented word count
In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:In total, we found that 114 reviews (or 23%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
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68 of the 505 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
3.8 Product's Average Ease Score
4.3 Category's Average Ease Score
Read more about our Reviewer Ease test.
Brand Repeaters
16 of the 505 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
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- 0%
- Admitted to receiving an incentive
Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.
- 0
- Reviews have been deleted
There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:
- We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
- We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
- We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.