• 
• 54%
• Created over 20 days

We counted 272 reviews for this product over the span of 1,452 days, an average of 0.2 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 3 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 20 days exceeding this threshold:

• 15 Reviews on Jun 30, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 13 Reviews on Jun 25, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 10 Reviews on Jul 1, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 10 Reviews on Jul 2, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 10 Reviews on Jul 15, 2016 (Avg. rating: 3.6)
• 9 Reviews on Jun 29, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 9 Reviews on Jul 13, 2016 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
• 8 Reviews on Jul 23, 2016 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 8 Reviews on Jul 5, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 7 Reviews on Jul 6, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 7 Reviews on Jul 4, 2016 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 6 Reviews on Jun 28, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 6 Reviews on Jul 12, 2016 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
• 5 Reviews on Jun 27, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 5 Reviews on Jun 22, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 4 Reviews on Jul 11, 2016 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 4 Reviews on Jun 26, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 4 Reviews on Jul 18, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 4 Reviews on Jul 8, 2016 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 4 Reviews on Jul 17, 2016 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
Show All

In total, we found that 148 reviews were created on just 20 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.2 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 3.7. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

• 
• 14%
• Unverified Purchases

38 of the 272 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. The unverified purchasers have rated this product an average of 4.3 while the verified purchasers have rated this product an average of 3.9. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

Take-Back Reviewers

• 
• 79%
• have previously deleted reviews

215 of the 272 reviewers have had at least one of their past reviews for another product deleted. This is an excessively large percentage of Take-Back Reviewers which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 9
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 9 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.9. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 70%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

190 of the 272 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. While this is more Brand Repeaters than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Repeaters and non-repeaters isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

• 
• 66%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 3 groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 41-65 words: 19.9% (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 66-100 words: 18.0% (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 101-200 words: 27.9% (Avg. rating: 4.0)

In total, we found that 179 reviews (or 66%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is an excessively high number of reviews in overrepresented word count groups.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 33%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

91 of the 272 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 81%
• Substantial overlapping review history

219 of the 272 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is an excessively large percentage which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

• 
• 0%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We didn't find any participation groups that had a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see in this category.
Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.3, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.4.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 0%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

1 of the 272 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.