• 30
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 30 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.8. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 24%
• Created over 10 days

We counted 154 reviews for this product over the span of 1,137 days, an average of 0.1 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 2 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 10 days exceeding this threshold:

• 5 Reviews on Dec 10, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 5 Reviews on Nov 29, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 4 Reviews on Nov 25, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 4 Reviews on Nov 28, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 4 Reviews on Nov 30, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 3 Reviews on Dec 2, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 3 Reviews on Dec 6, 2015 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 3 Reviews on Sep 30, 2016 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 3 Reviews on Nov 27, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
• 3 Reviews on Dec 8, 2015 (Avg. rating: 4.7)
Show All

In total, we found that 37 reviews were created on just 10 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.9 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.7. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 35%
• have only posted one review

54 of the 154 reviewers have only reviewed this product. This is an excessively large percentage of One-Hit Wonders which may indicate unnatural reviews.

Never-Verified Reviewers

• 
• 49%
• have zero verified purchases

75 of the 154 reviewers have never written a verified purchase review. While this is more Never-Verified Reviewers than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 27%
• Used substantial repetitive phrases

42 of the 154 total reviews for this product use substantial repetitive phrases between them. These reviewers have rated this product an average of 5.0 while reviews without substantial repetitive phrases rated this product an average of 4.6. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Phrase Repetition test.

• 
• 67%
• Unverified Purchases

103 of the 154 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. While this is a higher percentage of unverified purchases than we'd expect to see, it does not appear to have a significant impact on the overall rating.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.6, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.4. While this discrepancy is rather large, it is not quite large enough to rule out the possibility of it being due random chance.

• 
• 55%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 55.2% (Avg. rating: 4.7)

In total, we found that 85 reviewers (or 55%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 15%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 101-200 words: 14.9% (Avg. rating: 4.8)

In total, we found that 23 reviews (or 15%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 13%
• Substantial overlapping review history

20 of the 154 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

Brand Repeaters

We didn't detect a substantial amount of Brand Repeaters.

On Oct 3, 2016, Amazon prohibited incentivized reviews, however we still test for them since there are still millions in our dataset.

• 
• 1%
• Admitted to receiving an incentive

2 of the 154 total reviews for this product admitted to receiving a free or discounted product in exchange for a review. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Incentivized Reviews test. Check out our study showing that Incentivized Reviewers are much more likely to leave a positive review.