• 101
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 101 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.8. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 14%
• Created over 18 days

We counted 1,234 reviews for this product over the span of 827 days, an average of 1.5 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 7 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 18 days exceeding this threshold:

• 12 Reviews on Jan 26, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 11 Reviews on Feb 28, 2021 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 11 Reviews on Jan 24, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 11 Reviews on Dec 6, 2020 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 11 Reviews on Mar 1, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 10 Reviews on Feb 23, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 10 Reviews on Dec 27, 2020 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 10 Reviews on Jan 28, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 10 Reviews on Jan 23, 2021 (Avg. rating: 3.6)
• 9 Reviews on Jan 17, 2021 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 9 Reviews on Mar 4, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 9 Reviews on Feb 27, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.8)
• 9 Reviews on Jan 2, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 8 Reviews on Mar 12, 2021 (Avg. rating: 5.0)
• 8 Reviews on Dec 25, 2020 (Avg. rating: 4.9)
• 8 Reviews on Jan 30, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 8 Reviews on Dec 24, 2020 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 8 Reviews on Feb 21, 2021 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
Show All

In total, we found that 172 reviews were created on just 18 days. The reviews on these high volume days have rated this product an average of 4.6 while reviews from other days have rated this product an average of 4.0. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

One-Hit Wonders

• 
• 29%
• have only posted one review

353 of the 1,234 reviewers have only reviewed this product. The One-Hit Wonders have rated this product an average of 4.2 while the reviewers who have posted more than one review have rated this product an average of 4.0. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 
• 71%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 1 participation group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 71.2% (Avg. rating: 4.2)

In total, we found that 879 reviewers (or 71%) are within an overrepresented participation group. These reviews have rated this product an average of 4.2, while all other reviews have rated this product an average of 3.7. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 100%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 0-5 words: 100.0% (Avg. rating: 4.1)

In total, we found that 1,234 reviews (or 100%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is an excessively high number of reviews in overrepresented word count groups.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 10%
• Unverified Purchases

127 of the 1,234 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 0%
• Substantial overlapping review history

0 of the 1,234 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.
Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.1, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.2.

Brand Repeaters

• 
• 0%
• Reviewed other products from this brand

2 of the 1,234 reviewers have reviewed other products for this brand. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

We have not yet completed optimization for this test for Hanzi or Kanji.

We have not yet completed optimization for this test for Hanzi or Kanji.