Single-Day Reviewers

• 
• 2%
• have posted all their reviews on a single day

43 of the 2,603 reviewers have written multiple reviews but posted all of them on a single day. The Single-Day reviewers have rated this product an average of 4.4 while all other reviewers rated this product an average of 4.1. Based on our statistical modeling, the discrepancy in average rating between these two groups is significant enough to believe that the difference is not due to random chance, and may indicate that there are unnatural reviews.

Read more about our Suspicious Reviewers test.

• 15
• Reviews have been deleted

We discovered a total of 15 deleted Reviews for this product, with an average rating of 4.5. Even though deleted reviews don't affect the average rating, the fact that action was taken to delete reviews raises some red flags about the integrity of the reviews for the product as whole.

There are a few limitations to keep in mind regarding the Deleted Reviews test:

1. We don't have a magic ability to collect every single deleted review; we can only identify reviews as deleted if we collect them on one date and then notice they are no longer visible on a subsequent date.
2. We have no information on reviews that were never published in the first place.
3. We also don't know why these reviews were removed. It could be action from the platform, personal decision by the review author, part of an entire account closure, even some data error on our part, etc.

Read more about our Deleted Reviews test.

Show distribution of deleted reviews

• 
• 45%
• Created over 28 days

We counted 2,603 reviews for this product over the span of 933 days, an average of 2.8 reviews per day. If these reviews were created randomly, there would be a 99.9% chance that we would see 10 or fewer reviews on any given day.

However, we see the following 28 days exceeding this threshold:

• 595 Reviews on Mar 30, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 145 Reviews on Mar 31, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 58 Reviews on Apr 1, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 36 Reviews on Apr 2, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 19 Reviews on Apr 18, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 19 Reviews on Apr 3, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 18 Reviews on Apr 30, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 18 Reviews on Apr 15, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.2)
• 18 Reviews on Apr 24, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
• 18 Reviews on Jul 26, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.8)
• 17 Reviews on Jul 25, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 17 Reviews on Apr 8, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 17 Reviews on Apr 16, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 16 Reviews on Apr 5, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.9)
• 15 Reviews on Apr 14, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.4)
• 14 Reviews on Jan 17, 2020 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 12 Reviews on May 20, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 12 Reviews on Jan 19, 2020 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 12 Reviews on Jul 27, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 12 Reviews on Apr 7, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 12 Reviews on Jul 30, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.1)
• 11 Reviews on Jul 31, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.6)
• 11 Reviews on Apr 27, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.5)
• 11 Reviews on May 4, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.4)
• 11 Reviews on Apr 9, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.3)
• 11 Reviews on Apr 26, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.1)
• 11 Reviews on Jul 28, 2018 (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• 11 Reviews on Apr 17, 2018 (Avg. rating: 3.7)
Show All

In total, we found that 1,177 reviews were created on just 28 days. This is an excessively high number of reviews submitted on these high volume days.

Read more about our Rating Trend test.

Brand Loyalists

• 
• 3%
• Reviewed mostly products from this brand

70 of the 2,603 reviewers have reviewed multiple products but half or more of their reviews are for this brand. While this is more Brand Loyalists than we'd expect to see, the discrepancy in ratings between the Brand Loyalists and non-loyalists isn't significant enough to rule out the possibility of it being due to random chance.

Read more about our Brand Repeats test.

• 
• 99%
• Have an overrepresented word count

In the graph above, we can see the distribution of review word counts for this product and the expected distribution for this category. We see the following 1 group with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• 0-5 words: 99.0% (Avg. rating: 4.1)

In total, we found that 2,577 reviews (or 99%) are within an overrepresented word count group. This is an excessively high number of reviews in overrepresented word count groups.

Read more about our Word Count Comparison test.

• 
• 74%
• From reviewers with an overrepresented participation

We see the following 2 participation groups with a statistically significant greater concentration than what we'd expect to see:

• Reviewers with 1-5 Reviews: 33.5% (Avg. rating: 4.0)
• Reviewers with 6-15 Reviews: 40.1% (Avg. rating: 4.1)

In total, we found that 1914 reviewers (or 74%) are within an overrepresented participation group. This is an excessively high number of reviewers in overrepresented participation groups.

Read more about our Reviewer Participation test.

• 
• 7%
• Unverified Purchases

194 of the 2,603 total reviews for this product are unverified purchases. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Unverified purchases may be the result of Kindle Unlimited readers, buyers who didn't pay full price, or reviewers who did not purchase the product at Amazon. Read more about our Unverified Purchases test.

• 
• 12%
• Substantial overlapping review history

300 of the 2,603 reviewers have substantial overlapping product review history. This is within an acceptable range and it does not appear to be significantly affecting the overall rating for this product.

Read more about our Overlapping Review History test.

The ease score is the average rating for all reviews that a given reviewer submits. The average ease score for reviewers of this product is 4.1, while the average ease score for reviewers in this category is 4.2.

We have not yet completed optimization for this test for Hanzi or Kanji.

We have not yet completed optimization for this test for Hanzi or Kanji.